However, some PYAGs with CNV gain, such as GSDMD, TP63, PRKACA, PJVK and CASP4, showed downregulated mRNA expression in ovarian cancers, and some PYAGs with CNV loss, such as IL18, GPX4, GZMA, NLRP6 and CASP6, showed upregulated mRNA expression in ovarian cancers (Fig. 1F). Here, CASP4 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.