Approximately 40% of HCCs from the TCGA and the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer datasets contain at least one somatic mutation in genes involved in the TGFβ signalling pathway, leading to dysregulated expression of genes such as TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFBR1, SMAD3, SMAD4 and SPTBN1. Further transcriptomic analysis revealed, “activated”, “normal” and “inactivated” TGFβ signalling clusters in HCC cases, with patients in the inactivated cluster having poorest overall survival. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.