NDE1 and lissencephaly spectrum disorders: These lissencephaly-related genes include LIS1, DCX, ACTB, ACTG1, ARX, CDK5, CRADD, DYNC1H1, KIF2A, KIF5C, NDE1/NDEL1, TUBA1A, TUBA8, TUBB, TUBB2B, TUBB3, TUBG1, RELN and VLDLR.3 Lis1 (also called PAFAH1B1) and DCX are the common and first identified genes involved in lissencephaly.