INS and gestational diabetes: 10 of the 17 miRNAs (miR-122-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-1323, miR-136-5p, miR-182-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-29a, miR-29b-3p, miR-342-3p, and miR-520h) were ↑ in GDM vs control.Enriched pathways: insulin receptor signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and epidermalgrowth factor receptor-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway–involved inplacental development, fetal growth, and insulin and glucose regulation.