A recent study (Wang et al., 2022b) demonstrated that Nrg4 treatment could upregulate decreased autophagy activity via the AMPK/mTOR pathway in type 1 diabetic mice, and further revealed that it attenuated myocardial damage caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Nrg4 may exert a protective effect as a potent regulator of autophagy. This evidence concerns the gene NRG4 and diabetic cardiomyopathy.