CD8A and neoplasm: Comparing changes in the abundance of individual cell populations in pre- versus on-treatment biopsies, we observed a significant decrease of tumor epithelial cells as well as an increase of CD45+ immune cells (defined by cell-type clustering), T cells and CD8+ T cells after treatment in patients with PFS > 6 months (n = 11) but not in patients with PFS < 6 months (n = 12) (Fig. 3b).