A retrospective study on a total of 135 patients who received PD-1 inhibitors has reported 8 cases occurred IMH, two cases of combined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and one case of combined alcoholic liver disease, which suggests that some liver disease other than chronic viral hepatitis may also increase the risk of IMH (Sawada et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.