The results showed that L. plantarum FZU3013 prevented NAFLD and hyperlipidemia by modulating specific intestinal microbial phylotypes and increasing the expression levels of genes relating to lipid metabolism, including the bile salt export pump (BSEP) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). The gene discussed is CYP7A1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.