INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Acute SIT can reduce glucose and insulin levels in postprandial states in healthy participants (Au et al., 2021; Ferreira et al., 2011), in people with overweight and obesity (Little et al., 2014; Sargeant et al., 2021), and in patients with metabolic disorders (Freese et al., 2015; Metcalfe et al., 2018).