CD274 and cancer: This is attributed to the cryosurgery-induced ICD reinforced by the cold-triggered rapid release of both the chemotherapy drug irinotecan (CPT) that inhibits DNA synthesis49,57, and the siRNA (siR) that silences the overexpression of T cell inhibitory ligand PD-L1 on cancer cells to remove the immune checkpoint that inhibits the activation of CD8+ T cells53,54.