ERVW-1 and infection: This is borne out of studies of HIV-1 evolution in a host, where HIV-1 isolates from early in infection (so called transmitter/founder viruses) are completely resistant to IFITM restriction, but overtime, the selective pressure from adaptive immunity, and the resulting neutralizing antibody escape mutations in HIV-1 Env, leads to viral isolates having increased sensitivity to IFITMs and interferons (49).