Among HDL-related proteins, the strength of the associations of HDL-C with CHD was more extreme in PROCARDIS than in the Bruneck study.17 Most HDL-related proteins, except for ApoL1 and ApoH, were inversely associated with CHD in PROCARDIS, but only ApoA4 and ApoM were associated with CHD after adjusting for HDL and other conventional lipid measures. This evidence concerns the gene APOL1 and coronary artery disorder.