These observations are consistent with two recent meta-analysis considering eleven phase III clinical trials including more than 5,700 patients with advanced HCC which show that the benefits of immunotherapy targeting PD-1 or PDL-1 are mainly seen in patients with HCC of viral origin, whereas the same treatment is ineffective in patients with NAFLD-associated HCCs [41,113]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.