In situ hybridisation (ISH) in serial sections of liver tissue detected Ripk3 in 55.5% of Atf3-expressing cells and Atf3 in 73.5% of Ripk3+ cells (Fig. 8c, d), indicating that RIPK3 induction is also closely related to ATF3 expression in the MCD-NASH model. The gene discussed is ATF3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.