In PD, a number of proteins implicated in disease, including parkin (a ubiquitin-protein ligase protein), TPPP/p25 (involved in microtubule bundle formation), PINK1 (autophagy triggering protein), LRRK2 (regulates immune response), and α-synuclein, are linked to microtubules and have been shown to be involved in altered microtubule acetylation and PD pathogenesis (Bonifati, 2014; Oláh et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene LRRK2 and Parkinson disease.