Furthermore, the association of MROH3P with colonic expression of C1orf106, an IBD susceptibility gene encoding a key protein for epithelial homeostasis, also suggests a role of intestinal barrier dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease and IBD pathogenesis.40 For another IBD risk locus IL1R2, we found conflicting pleiotropy between Parkinson’s disease-Crohn’s disease (antagonistic) and Parkinson’s disease-UC (concordant). Here, IL1R2 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.