INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: It is interesting to note that research results suggest that dapagliflozin is a promising adjunct treatment to insulin which improves glycemic control in patients with inadequately controlled T1DM (Dandona et al., 2017; Mathieu et al., 2018; Parkinson et al., 2019; Araki et al., 2020; Araki et al., 2021; Biester et al., 2021); meanwhile, it significantly decreases the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (Li et al., 2022).