This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of Ca2+ transporter gene (ITPR2, VDAC1) and its related chaperones (HSPA5, HSPA9, SIGMAR1, CANX, PPID) and NAFLD in Chinese population, to provide new ideas for further exploring the genetic susceptibility mechanism of NAFLD. Here, HSPA5 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.