The ratio of peritumoral hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to γδT cells affects the invasiveness and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α secreted by γδT cells increased after cultured in HSC-containing medium, and greatly reduced the proliferation and invasiveness of liver cancer cells (Cai et al., 2014; Zhou et al., 2019). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is liver cancer.