Further, patients with FA gene defects were more likely to develop human papillomaviruses (HPV) associated squamous cell carcinoma at multiple anatomical sites, including the HNSC (Kutler et al., 2003a; Kutler et al., 2003b; Lowy and Gillison, 2003; Rosenberg et al., 2003). The gene discussed is FANCA; the disease is squamous cell carcinoma.