Primary cancers have been observed in Fanca, Fancm, Fancf, Fancd1, and Fancd2 mutant mice, including ovarian adenocarcinomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, lymphomas, ovarian granulosa cell tumors, spindle-cell sarcomas, lung carcinomas, breast cancers, and histiocytic sarcomas (Houghtaling et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2003; Bakker et al., 2009; Bakker et al., 2012; Luo et al., 2014; Hartford et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene FANCD2 and cancer.