Studies on epithelium-specific autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) knockout mice, a strain that is innately susceptible to colitis, were also consistent with the aforementioned animal or clinical studies: inflammation-controlling A. muciniphila was reduced, while pro-inflammatory bacteria (e.g., Candidatus Arthromitus) and potential pathogens observed an increase (29). Here, ATG5 is linked to colitis.