CXCL1 and infection: In response to ocular HSV-1 infection, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1, IL-6 and chemokines including CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL9, and CXCL10 are produced rapidly following infection by resident cells and infiltrating leukocytes (23, 25, 75, 76).