Finally, to evaluate the beneficial effects of maternal L.rhamnosus supplementation on the allergic airways disease in the offspring, we used the HDM model which replicate many of the features of asthma: increased number of eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, increased Th2 cytokines levels in the lung and from mediastinal lymph node (MLN) T cells and increased IgE levels. The gene discussed is IGHE; the disease is asthma.