Human monocytes, alveolar macrophages, and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) express CFTR protein, and CFTR dysfunction in macrophages is related to augmented airway inflammation, increased mucus cells and mucus blockage, and increased lethal pneumonia, emphasizing the critical role of macrophages in promoting CF (59–61). The gene discussed is CFTR; the disease is cystic fibrosis.