Both Nppa and Nppb are overexpressed in the hypertrophied heart and may act as endogenous protective mechanisms against maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and cardiovascular disorders (Masciotra et al., 1999; Knowles et al., 2001; Volpe, 2014; Reginauld et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene NPPA and cardiac hypertrophy.