We included the following confounding variables that were meaningful to the model: sex, age, sodium, diabetes, calcium, LODS score, SOFA score, GCS score, chloride, myocardial infarction, respiratory rate, temperature, SpO2, PT, WBC count, peripheral vascular disease, MBP, paraplegia, norepinephrine, vasopressin, anion gap, bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, INR, Hb, OASIS, SAPSII, norepinephrine, chronic pulmonary disease, and congestive heart failure. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is peripheral vascular disease.