Currently, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of tumor biopsy is used to evaluate the PD-L1 status, but local and invasive biopsies cannot provide adequate information due to the high heterogeneity within and between patients, and single time-point biopsies cannot monitor dynamic changes of PD-L1 in treatment regimens [8,9]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.