These results confirmed our investigations that applying GNPs to IA delivery was a potential technique for improving treatment efficacy and compliance in patients with RA [26], where GNPs appeared to block production of proinflammatory IL-6 cytokines in Jurkat and U937 cells due to a decrease in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.