INS and Insulin resistance: Furthermore, our results reported increased systemic insulin in the vehicle control group which is aligned with several studies reporting that hyperinsulinemia exists, since the peripheral tissues lack their insulin-sensitizing property that ultimately results in hyperglycemia, which leads to an increase in insulin secretion in the early stages of T2D as part of the compensatory mechanism that aims to counteract the presence of insulin resistance in T2D [24,25,26,27].