PTGS2 and colitis: Cianciulli et al. [30] demonstrated the down-regulation of NF-kB through the decreases of p65 nuclear translocation, COX-2 mRNA expression, COX-2 and PGE2, IKK phosphorylation, and IkBα phosphorylation and degradation in vitro study conducted with LPS-treated Caco-2 cells as a model of colitis.