AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: To validate its high specificity, the ROC analysis was conducted, and the AUC of the biomarker signature was 0.88 to diagnose T2DM(+) HCC from T2DM(+) CRC&PC&GC (the optimal sensitivity 68.75% and specificity 94.12%), which was much higher than AFP (Figure 6, Table 6).