DYRK1A inhibitors have been shown to induce human β-cell proliferation in the 1–3% range, including harmine [16,60], INDY [61], GNF4877 [62], 5-IOdotubericidin (5-IT) [63], CC-401 [50], and others [64], indicating that DYRK1A inhibitors have great potential to improve diabetes due to their ability to promote β-cell proliferation. This evidence concerns the gene DYRK1A and diabetes mellitus.