It has been shown, by comparative study of the molecular pathways involved in mice and rat strains with different susceptibility to HCC: genes responsible for HCC susceptibility control the amplification and/or the overexpression of c-Myc, the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes, the activity of Ras/Erk and AKT/mTOR cascades, the pro-apoptotic properties of the Rassf1A/Nore1A and Dab2IP/Ask1 axes, the methionine cycle, and DNA repair pathways [17,18]. The gene discussed is MAP3K5; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.