A study that analysed the serum and sputum of 245 bronchiectasis patients classified the biomarkers into three independent groups: eosinophilic and epithelial dominant (IL-5, IL-13 and Gro-α in sputum), systemic (GMCF, IL-6, VEGF, IL-10, and IL1β in serum) and airway neutrophilic inflammation (neutrophil extracellular traps, resistin, TNFα, CXCL-8, IL-10, MMP9 and elastase) [55]. This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and bronchiectasis.