KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Another study showed that KRAS-G12D mutations initiate the primary resistance of immunotherapy in NSCLC by suppressing the PD-L1 level via the P70S6K/PI3K/AKT axis, and reducing CXCL10/CXCL11 levels via the down-regulation of high mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) level [121].