TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: It is well known that many cytokines take part in the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients, including IL-6, IL-1, IL-2, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ [6]; however, a crucial role seems to be played by IL-6, whose increased serum levels have been correlated with respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and adverse clinical outcomes [7].