Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia among elderly people, is characterized by a compromise of cholinergic activity as a result of a decrease in the levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and a reduction in acetylcholine synthetizing enzyme choline acetyltransferase, as well as hydrolyzing enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) [1]. The gene discussed is ACHE; the disease is dementia.