As RLF has been identified as a potent effector of gene expression and cell growth via the well-characterized Rat sarcoma (RAS), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-specific growth and survival pathways, these results suggest that miR-375 and RLF expression may therefore represent part of the functional relationship between oral cancer growth, proliferation and chemotherapy resistance [42]. This evidence concerns the gene RLF and lip and oral cavity carcinoma.