As for immune cells and UBL3, in tumor tissues of patients with esophageal cancer, low expression and function of tumor-infiltrating DCs have been reported, and the proportion of MHC-II-positive DCs was also significantly reduced, while it is not still clear whether the effect of UBL3 on DC cell expression and function via MHC II ubiquitination plays a role in tumors [126]. This evidence concerns the gene UBL3 and neoplasm.