The usefulness of adiponectin as a marker of several other patho-physiological conditions of the lungs (such as COPD and cancer) has become clear in recent years [26,27,28,29,30]; on the other hand, the anti-inflammatory functions of adiponectin have been observed in different lung cell lines as well as in adiponectin-deficient mice that resulted in a predisposition to acute lung injury [31]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is injury.