They comprise a panel of serum markers indices of liver dysfunction and were: markers of hepatocellular dysfunction alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST); markers of biliary disease such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP); markers of parenchymal liver dysfunction or biliary obstruction, or total bilirubin (TB) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and albumin useful in assessing hepatic synthetic function. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is Decreased liver function.