TP53 and lung carcinoma: In addition to cooking fumes, a study by Chen et al. [34] revealed that the APOBEC mutation signature and carcinogen exposure may be early drivers of lung carcinoma in female nonsmoking patients with lung carcinoma; additionally, relevant studies have revealed that the TP53 gene mutation can be observed in almost all patients with SQC [35,36], and this gene mutation may affect the incidence of SQC in Taiwan.