NPPB and heart failure: In a study by Rudoff A. de Boer and partners on 592 heart failure cases followed up for 18 months, there was also an association observed between galectin-3 and several factors such as age and NT-proBNP concentration (p < 0.05); however, no association was seen between galectin-3 and BMI, EF and history of myocardial infarction (p = 0.56; p = 0.093; p = 0.74) [4].