For the comparison between the performance of acetone dimer and AFP as a biomarker for HCC diagnosis, acetone dimer significantly had higher AUCs than AFP for diagnosis of HCC at any stage and HCC at an early stage, i.e., 0.816 vs. 0.802 and 0.775 vs. 0.714, respectively, p = 0.002 and 0.001, indicating that acetone dimer had a better overall performance than AFP for HCC diagnosis. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.