In order to measure the prevalence of anemia in the two genders, the chi-squared test revealed a higher prevalence of anemia in men (p = 0.0006) according to the WHO definition, while the prevalence of anemia was higher in women extending the <12 g/dL and <13 g/dL Hb’s cut-off levels to both males and females (p < 0.0001) (Table 5). The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is anemia (phenotype).