FTO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Therefore, FTO and downstream genes regulated from non-coding regions, mainly IRX3 and IRX5, which are genes related to neural development in areas associated with food consumption and may be valuable therapeutic targets for obesity [25,26] The effects of SNPs have been observed to be differential between populations; such is the case of rs9930506, which was observed to have risk associations with BMI in the European population but not in the Asian population [27].