The most common form of HIE is caused by an autosomal dominant (AuD) negative mutation in the human signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene, which plays an essential role in signal transduction of several cytokines to their respective receptors (IL6, IL10, IL11, IL17, IL21 and IL22). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is perinatal asphyxia.