Respiratory pathogens (Haemophilus influenzae) induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in mice could also be suppressed by phloretin (0.157% in a diet for a week) as evidenced by reduced bacterial burden, inflammatory score in the lungs, and expression of a neutrophil chemoattractant, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) [44]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.