The insulin treatment was also showing regional effects; while it completely prevented the hyperglycemia-related changes in TLR4 expression in the duodenum (17.97 ± 1.83), and partially in the colon (39.05 ± 4.40), the proportion of TLR4-IR myenteric neurons was even lower in the ileal ganglia of insulin-treated diabetic rats than in that of controls (14.69 ± 1.86 vs. 28.99 ± 2.44; p < 0.001) (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and Hyperglycemia.