Human islets from male obese BMI donors exhibit higher insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation when there is higher islet O-GlcNAcylation while lower islet O-GlcNAcylation is associated with diminished islet stimulation index compared to a lean BMI donor control [21], suggesting upregulation of islet O-GlcNAcylation is a potential functional adaptation to increased insulin demand associated with hyperlipidemia. Here, INS is linked to hyperlipidemia.